a. Obesity b. Pulmonary disease c. Multiparity d. Medications e. Infection
a. Assessment for residual urine b. Examination of the genitourinary organs during a Valsalva maneuver c. Examination of urethral and vaginal supports d. Assessment of perineal and levator ani muscle strength e. Urinalysis f. Focused neurologic assessment
a. Cystourethroscopy b. Urethral profilometry c. Cystometrics d. Uroflowmetry
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