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Reproductive Endocrinology
Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology

Anatomy and physiology


1. Describe the anatomical changes of the genital tract, including the vulva, uterus and ovaries, related to different ages in the newborn, child, and adolescent, including:

a. Tanner Staging
b. Hormonal and growth effect

2. Describe the sex hormonal changes that occur neonatally and in the first two years of life and in childhood.
3. Describe the hormonal changes that occur as part of normal puberty.

A. Adolescent gynecology


1. Describe the principal gynecologic disorders or conditions experienced by adolescent patients and the special implications for diagnosis and management of these complex diseases as they pertain to adolescents:

a. Normal and abnormal pubertal development
b. Normal psychosocial development
c. Primary amenorrhea
d. Breast mass
e. Menstrual irregularities
f. Dysmenorrhea
g. Vulvovaginitis
h. Sexuality
i. Contraceptive needs
j. Sexually transmitted diseases
k. Pregnancy
l. Sexual abuse
m. Ovarian diseases and masses
n. Endometriosis
o. Chronic pelvic pain

2. Elicit a pertinent medical and sexual history from an adolescent patient.
3. Perform a focused physical examination with proper technique and instrumentation to identify specific conditions in an adolescent patient with special attention to the appropriateness of sexual development.
4. Provide for the primary care needs of the adolescent, demonstrating knowledge of the following:

a. Psychologic health
b. Immunizations
c. Confidentiality issues
d. Facilitation of parent-child communication
e. Safety and prevention or morbidity and mortality
f. Substance abuse
g. Nutrition and dietary management

5. Perform and/or interpret selected tests to confirm the diagnosis of specific gynecologic disorders, such as:

a. Microbiologic tests
b. Endocrinologic assays
c. Ultrasonography and MRI
d. Laparoscopy
e. Examination under anesthesia

6. Interpret other diagnostic tests, such as:

a. Qualitative and quantitative hCG
b. MRI
c. Serum gonadotropin assays

7. Treat adolescent gynecologic disorders medically and surgically.
8. Describe the indications for referral to a subspecialist.
9. Counsel the patient and her family about the long-term prognosis of her condition and its effect on reproduction and general health.
10. Provide patient and parent education concerning the following:

a. Normal anatomic and psychosocial development
b. Personal hygiene
c. Menses
d. Sexuality
e. Prevention of pregnancy and STDs, including emergency contraception
f. Psychosocial concerns, eg, eating disorders, substance use, safety

B. Precocious puberty


1. Define precocious puberty and precocious development.
2. Describe the principle cause of precocious puberty.
3. Describe the typical history of a patient with precocious puberty.
4. Perform a focused physical examination to confirm the diagnosis of precocious puberty and determine its etiology.
5. Describe the indications for, and interpret the results of, selected tests, such as:

a. Ultrasonography
b. Gonadotropin assays
c. X-ray studies to determine bone age
d. CT or MRI scans

6. Describe the treatment and long-term prognosis for patients with precocious puberty.

C. Delayed puberty


1. Describe the principal causes of delayed puberty.
2. Describe the typical history of a patient with delayed puberty.
3. Perform a focused physical examination to confirm the diagnosis of delayed puberty and determine its etiology.
4. Interpret tests to determine the etiology of delayed puberty, such as:

a. Vaginal cytology
b. X-rays for bone age
c. Endocrinologic assays
d. Peripheral blood karyotype
e. CT scan or MRI of the head

5. Describe the treatment of a patient with delayed puberty. Consult with a subspecialist as needed.
6. Describe the indications for referral to a subspecialist.
7. Counsel a patient and her family about her long-term follow-up and prognosis and the effect of her condition on reproduction.







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